Swerve is the dominant FRC drivetrain, so it is the perfect first mini-project. We will build a square drivebase whose entire footprint is driven by a single variable, then drop in real COTS modules.
Step 1 — Start the layout sketch. Create a Part Studio named Drivebase Layout. Insert the Origin Cube FeatureScript (from FRCDesign.org's curated list) as the very first feature so every downstream Part Studio and Assembly shares a consistent origin. Add a variable feature: #track = 24 in (center-to-center distance between modules). Robot-perimeter rules limit your frame, and a common competitive footprint lands near a 28-30 in square once tube and bumpers are added; a 24 in track keeps you in that neighborhood. Always confirm the limit in the current FRC Game Manual (the 2025 manual replaced the old term 'FRAME PERIMETER' with 'ROBOT PERIMETER', and the 2026 REBUILT manual uses 'ROBOT PERIMETER' throughout).
Step 2 — Sketch the module centers. On the Top plane, draw a center rectangle dimensioned #track x #track. The four corners are your swerve module pivot axes. This single sketch is your master: change #track and the whole robot rescales.
Step 3 — Build the belly-pan and tubes. Sketch the outer frame as 2x1 tube (the FRC standard structural extrusion). REV's MAXTube 2x1 (e.g. SKU REV-21-2162 standard, REV-21-2161 light) has #10 clearance holes spaced 0.5 in apart on the 1 in faces; AndyMark's pre-drilled box tube uses the same #10-on-0.5-in pitch, so models stay cross-compatible. Extrude the four tubes between the corners, then use Tube Converter (Julia's FeatureScripts) to punch the lightening/hole pattern instead of sketching every hole by hand.
Step 4 — Import the modules. Open the Assembly, insert your Drivebase Layout, then use the FRCDesignLib library (inserted via the free FRCDesignApp Onshape plugin) to insert four SDS MK4i swerve modules. The MK4i ships in L1 (8.14:1), L2 (6.75:1), and L3 (6.12:1) drive ratios with a 150/7:1 (~21.43:1) steering ratio and weighs ~6.0 lb with a NEO or ~6.3 lb with a Falcon 500. Pick L1 or L2 for a standard full-weight robot.
Step 5 — Mate with connectors, not faces. This is the load-bearing step. On each tube corner, add an explicit mate connector at the module pivot hole. Use a Fastened mate between each module's mate connector and the corner connector. Because you mated to named connectors (not raw faces), swapping module versions or resizing #track will not orphan the mates.
Verify: open Assembly mass properties to read the bare base weight, leaving plenty of the robot's weight budget for mechanisms.
the part worth keeping
Key takeaways
- Drive the entire chassis from one master layout sketch and a `#track` variable so resizing is a single edit
- Insert real COTS via FRCDesignLib in the FRCDesignApp (SDS MK4i: L1 8.14:1 / L2 6.75:1 / L3 6.12:1, 150/7:1 steering, ~6.0 lb NEO / ~6.3 lb Falcon) instead of modeling modules from scratch
- Mate to explicit mate connectors at hole centers, never to raw faces, to keep assemblies robust to changes
CAD & DesignWorked Examples & Mini-Projectslesson 1 of 4
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Sources and corrections
This lesson is AI-assisted: drafted from primary sources, then reviewed and edited by hand. Errors still get through. When one is reported we fix it and write down what changed, in public, in the corrections log.
sources and further reading
- frcdesign.orgFRCDesign.org Learning Course — Layout Sketch (Stage 1D)
- swervedrivespecialties.comSDS MK4i Swerve Module (gear ratios, weights, steering ratio)
- revrobotics.comREV MAXTube 2x1 structural extrusion
- frcdesign.orgFRCDesign.org List of FeatureScripts (Origin Cube, Tube Converter)
clipped to this lesson
Articles that go further on this
The lesson gets you through the topic. These go wider on it, and they read in one sitting.
- 12 min readFRC Swerve Modules Compared: MK4/MK4i, MAXSwerve, WCP & ThriftyA practical FRC swerve module comparison: SDS MK4i and MK4n, REV MAXSwerve, WCP Swerve X2, and Thrifty Swerve on motors, wheels, ratios, and cost./blogread it
- 13 min readFRC Swerve Module Offsets: Calibration & Backwards WheelsZero your FRC swerve module offsets correctly, and fix wheels that spin backwards, modules that fight each other, and field-relative drive that feels rotated./blogread it
- 6 min readSwerve Drive Explained: How FRC's Most Popular Drivetrain WorksA clear, beginner-friendly explanation of swerve drive in FRC — how the modules work, the math behind it, COTS options, and whether your team should run it./blogread it
answer sheet
Lesson quiz
All 3 right completes the lesson. Miss one and only that question comes back, anything you already answered correctly stays banked.
0 of 3 answered
01In the layout-sketch-driven (top-down) swerve build, why is the master layout sketch created first?
02What square footprint does a #track = 24 in swerve base commonly land near once tube and bumpers are added?
03How should each SDS MK4i module be mated to a tube corner so the assembly stays robust?
Answer every question to submit.
All 31 lessons in CAD & Designopenclose
01 / prerequisites
02 / getting-started-cad-and-the-design-process
03 / onshape-fundamentals
04 / vendor-libraries-mkcad-featurescripts
05 / manufacturability-drawings-bom-design-reviews
06 / worked-examples-mini-projects
07 / common-mistakes-troubleshooting
- Not read yet:Mate & Assembly Failures: Why Parts Float, Spin, or Won't Move
- Not read yet:Broken In-Context & Derived References
- Not read yet:Slow Regeneration in Big Drivebase Assemblies
- Not read yet:Manufacturability Mistakes That Become Scrap
- Not read yet:Version Control & Team Collaboration Disasters
08 / advanced-techniques-case-studies
- Not read yet:Configurations vs. Parametric Variables: Designing One Model, Many Robots
- Not read yet:FeatureScript Automation for FRC
- Not read yet:Browser-Based FEA: Weight-Optimizing Real Structures
- Not read yet:Swerve System Geometry & Motion Math
- Not read yet:Case Study: FRC 6328's Modular Gusset-and-Tube Methodology